Which of the following is not influenced by minor loss in a hydraulic system?

In a hydraulic system, minor losses refer to energy losses that occur due to fittings, valves, bends, and other components that interrupt the flow, but they are usually considered to be less significant than losses due to friction along the length of a pipe. Long pipes experience greater frictional losses, which are a major design consideration in hydraulic systems.

When assessing the impact of minor losses, it is clear that short pipe lengths, fittings, valves, and piping turns can all contribute to these losses due to abrupt changes in flow direction or cross-sectional area. In contrast, while long pipes do incur frictional losses, they are not significantly influenced by minor losses in terms of the energy the fluid requires to move through the system. Hence, minor losses are not a primary concern for long pipelines; the focus instead is often on how frictional losses accumulate over extended distances. This is why the correct choice highlights that long pipes are less affected by minor losses compared to other components in the system.