What is the purpose of a loading test in geotechnical engineering?

The purpose of a loading test in geotechnical engineering is to evaluate the load-bearing capacity of soil. This test involves applying a known load to a soil sample or foundation element and observing the resulting settlement or deformation over a specified period. The results help engineers understand how much weight the soil can support without experiencing excessive settlement, which is crucial for the design and safety of structures built on that soil.

By determining the load-bearing capacity, engineers can make informed decisions about foundation design, ensuring that structures can withstand the imposed loads without risking failure. The test provides critical data that informs various aspects of a project, such as foundation type, depth, and overall stability, making it a fundamental practice in geotechnical engineering.