What is the main benefit of proper drainage in geotechnical projects?

The main benefit of proper drainage in geotechnical projects is that it prevents excess pore pressure in the soil. When water accumulates in the soil due to poor drainage, it creates pore water pressure, which can significantly affect the effective stress in the soil. Effective stress is crucial for maintaining soil strength and stability. Excess pore pressure can lead to reduced effective stress, increasing the risk of soil failure, landslides, or even liquefaction during seismic events.

By managing drainage effectively, engineers can maintain the balance of pore pressure in the soil, ensuring that the soil retains adequate strength and stability for construction and avoiding potential failures that could jeopardize the project. Proper drainage systems help in redirecting water away from critical areas, thereby enhancing the longevity and safety of geotechnical structures.